Provide+examples+for+each+of+these+items.

=__**Personalization**__=

Online courses use discussion forums to personalize the subject matter with each individuals pasts achievements and knowledge. The students address a question pertaining to the material of the class, in these forums, and are encouraged to link their answer with past experiences or personal research. Personalizing the answers creates links between the students to actual events and increases retention and understanding of the material.

__** Pre-training **__

I had a recent experience in an adult training where the trainer should have pre-trained the learners (or at least those who needed it). We were learning how to use a new system to create individual education plans (IEPs), educational plans for our students with special needs. I felt comfortable with what we were learning, but this was not anything new for me. I am comfortable with computers and I understand the concept. On the other hand, about three of my colleagues were lost in the first five minutes. Their lack of computer skills made it difficult to connect with the new technology that would make their job simpler. They showed frustration and in the long run it wasted not only their time, but the trainer's time, and the time of the other learners. It is important to understand your students' background and knowledge before presenting new information. If you know they need to participate in pre-training then it is your responsibility to do this.

An example of pre-training is at our job. We have what they call pre-service every year before we start a new school year. This is like train pre-training they give us on the new curriculum and other things so that we are not taken away from our children during the year for training. It just basically gives us all the skills and information we need to have in order to have a great year with our children. It is always good to know before hand because it could help your comprehend through out the year.

=__**Segmentation**__=

 Most university program are examples of the segmentation principle on a large scale. The programs are made of many different classes from math, science, social science, and core courses. Each of these courses are further segmented with daily, weekly, and final course assignments. This is the standard make-up of any university course and translates well into learning courses. Student learn best when information is presented in small increments that build on each other.